(Himatanthus succuuba)
地衣成分の薬理活性
| Biological Activity | Lichen Substance | Origin | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| # Enzyme Inhibition | |||
| Monoamine oxidase inhibition | Norsolorinic acid | Solorina crocea | Okuyama et al 1991 |
| Confluentic & 2'-O-methylperlatolic acids | Higher plant (Himatanthus succuuba) | Endo et al. 1994 | |
| Prostaglandin biosynthesis inhibition | Metadepsides | Sankawa et al 1982 | |
| Trypsin inhibition | Atranorin | Pseudevernia furfuracea | Proksa et al 1994 |
| Tyrosinase inhibition | Resorcinol deriv. | Protousnea spp. | Kinoshita et al 1994 |
| Organic synthesis | Matsubara et al 1997 | ||
| # Animal Assay | |||
| Analgesic and antipyretic | Diffractaic & usnic acids | Usnea diffracta | Okuyama et al 1995 |
| Anti-inflammatory | Diffractaic & usnic acids | Usnea diffracta | Otsuka et al 1972 |
| Anti-melanin biosynthesis | Resorcinol deriv. | organic synthesis | Matsubara et al 1998 |
| Anti-tumor cell | (-)-Usnic acid | Cladonia leptoclada | Kupchan & Kopperman 1975 |
| Usnic acid deriv. | Organic synthesis | Takai et al. 1979 | |
| Polysaccharide (GE-3) | Umbilicaria esculenta | Fukuoka et al 1968 | |
| *Ishikawa cells | Usnic acid | Cardarelli et al 1997 | |
| *Melanoma B-16 cells | Cristazarin | Cladonia cristatella | Yamamoto et al 1998 |
| Resorcinol deriv. | organic synthesis | Matsubara et al 1998 | |
| Auto-oxidation inhibition (Antioxidant) | 1'-Chloropannarin & Pannarin | Erioderma chielense | Hidalgo et al. 1994 |
| Cholesterol synthesis inhibition | Gyrophoric acid deriv. | Umbilicaria esculenta | Kim 1982 |
| Insect-growth inhibition | Atranorin & vulpinic acid | Umbilicaria esculenta | Slansky 1979 |
| Caperatic acid | Cetraria oakesiana | Lawrey 1983 | |
| Long-term potentiation enhancement | Polysaccharide (PC-2) | Flavoparmelia caperata | Smriga et al 1998 |
| Nematocidal | Orsellinic acid deriv. | Evernia prunastri | Ahad et al 1991 |
| # Plant Assay | |||
| Mitosis inhibition in root tips | Retigeranic acid | Lobaria retigera | Reddy et al 1978 |
| Moss germination inhibition | Evernic & squamatic acids | Cladonia squamosa | Lawrey 1977 |
| Photosystem II inhibition | Usnic acid | Inoue et al 1987 | |
| Depsides | Usnea longissima etc | Endo et al 1998 | |
| Plant-growth inhibition | Depsides | Usnea longissima | Nishitoba et al 1987 |
| Usnic acid | Cladonia substellata | Yano-Melo et al 1999a | |
| Fumarprotocetraric acid | Cladonia verticillaris | Yano-Melo et al 1999b | |
| Plant cell-growth inhibition | Usnic acid | Cardarelli et al 1997 | |
| Plant seed germination inhibition | Usnic acid | Cardarelli et al 1997 | |
| Protoplast viability | Usnic acid | Cardarelli et al 1997 | |
| # Microorganism Assay | |||
| Anti-HIV | Polysaccharide (GE-3S) | Umbilicaria esculenta | Hirabayashi et al 1989 |
| Anti-HSV-1 | Hypericin deriv. | Nephroma laevigatum | Cohen et al 1996 |
| Anti-bacteria | |||
| *Enterococcus fecalis & E. faeciem | Vulpinic, (+)- & (-)-usnic acids | Lauterwein et al 1995 | |
| *Helicobacter pylori | Protolichesterinic acid | Cetraria islandica | Ingolfsdottir et al 1997 |
| *Mycobacterium smegmatis | Depsides & usnic acid | Cladonia crispatula | Pereira et al 1997 |
| *Staphyrococcus aureus | Alectrosarmentin | Alectoria sarmentosa | Gollapudi et al 1994 |
| Cristazarin | Cladonia cristatella | Yamamoto et al 1998 | |
| Decarboxystenosporic acid | Usnea diffracta | Yamamoto et al 1998 | |
| Anti-fungal | Methyl haematommate | Stereocaulon ramulosum | Hickey et al 1990 |
| Vulpinic, (+)- & (-)-usnic acids | Lauterwein et al 1995 | ||
| (-)-Usnic acid deriv. | Alectoria ochroleuca | Proksa et al 1996 | |
| *Fusarium moniliforme | Usnic acid | Cardarelli et al 1997 | |
| Epstein-Barr virus activation inhibition | Lichesterinic, (+)-usnic, (-)-usnic & evernic acids | Usnea longissima | Yamamoto et al 1995 |
References
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